New Year, New Garden: Step 1 - Composting

a person holding a freshly harvested handful of compost

Composting is a fantastic way to reduce waste and enrich your garden soil. It's a natural process that turns organic material into a rich nutrient source for your plants. Here’s how you can start composting in your backyard or even in your apartment.

Step 1: Choose Your Compost Bin

A wooden outdoor composting bin
  • Outdoor Bins: Ideal for gardens, choose a spot that's easily accessible year-round.
  • Indoor Bins: Great for apartments, select a bin with a tight-fitting lid to keep odors at bay.

Step 2: Gather Your Compost Materials

Compost requires a balance of green (nitrogen-rich) and brown (carbon-rich) materials.

  • Green Materials: Vegetable scraps, fruit peels, coffee grounds, and grass clippings.
  • Brown Materials: Dry leaves, branches, cardboard, and newspaper.

Step 3: Build Your Compost Pile


Start with a layer of brown materials, followed by a layer of green materials. Sprinkle water over each layer to keep it moist but not wet. Repeat the layers until your bin is full.

a layer by layer graphic detailing the ideal composting method

Step 4: Maintain Your Compost

  • Aeration: Turn your compost every few weeks to aerate it, which helps the decomposition process.
  • Moisture: Keep the compost moist like a wrung-out sponge. Add water if it's too dry or more brown materials if it's too wet.

Step 5: Harvest Your Compost


Your compost is ready when it's dark, crumbly, and has an earthy smell. It usually takes 3-6 months. Use it in your garden beds, potting soil, or as a lawn top dressing.


Composting is a rewarding practice that benefits both your garden and the environment. By turning kitchen scraps and yard waste into valuable compost, you create a sustainable cycle that enriches the soil and nurtures your plants.

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